7 Fascinating Secrets and History’s Golconda Fort Hyderabad
Golconda Fort, located in the heart of Hyderabad, is a magnificent blend of history, architecture, and engineering marvels. Known as the birthplace of the world-famous Kohinoor Diamond, the fort stands as a testament to the grandeur of the Qutub Shahi dynasty. Spanning over 11 km in circumference, this iconic fort is renowned for its ingenious acoustics, intricate water supply systems, and rich history that has captivated visitors for centuries. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, an architecture lover, or simply a traveler exploring Hyderabad, Golconda Fort promises an unforgettable experience with its fascinating stories, secret tunnels, and breathtaking views of the city.
Amazing Facts About Golconda Fort, Hyderabad
1. The Kohinoor Diamond Origin
Golconda Fort is famously known as the place where the Kohinoor Diamond was discovered. Initially, it was unpolished and as big as a stone. The Qutub Shahi rulers examined and refined it into a 360-carat diamond. Despite its beauty, the Kohinoor is considered one of the unluckiest diamonds in history, as it brought misfortune to every dynasty that possessed it. Starting with the Qutub Shahis, it went on to destroy the Mughal, Nadir Shah (Iran), and Ranjit Singh (Punjab) dynasties before being gifted to Queen Victoria, after which the British Empire saw its decline.
2. Architecture and Design
Balahisar Gate
The fort’s entrance, known as Balahisar Gate, stands 18 feet tall and is the only gate within a 3-km radius. Its name is derived from Persian, reflecting the architectural influences of the era.
Screen Wall and Defense
The fort’s defense system included a strategically designed screen wall that prevented outsiders from seeing inside. The curved pathways made it difficult for elephants to gather speed and break the gates. Guards stationed above would pour hot water or oil through holes to deter intruders.
Irani Acoustics
Golconda Fort showcases brilliant Irani architecture with 24 diamond-cut designs used to amplify sound. Clapping at the entrance produces an echo audible up to 480 feet away, reaching the royal darbar. This system served as a form of communication, where each clap sequence conveyed a specific message.
3. Royal Facilities
Shahi Ghusl Khana
The Shahi Ghusl Khana, or royal bathing area, was used to bathe deceased bodies during the Islamic death ritual, known as Janaaza. It had three ponds for hot water, cold water, and rose water. After the ritual bath, prayers were offered in the adjacent mosque.
Shringar Mahal
This section was designated for women of the royal family, with dressing and makeup rooms equipped with bathtubs and shelves for oil lamps. The original flooring is still preserved.
Bathrooms with Geyser Systems
The bathrooms featured a unique heating system, with separate tanks for hot and cold water. Hot water was boiled using firewood, and a Persian wheel system created pressure to circulate it through clay pipes.
4. Historical Structures
Soldier Barracks
The barracks, influenced by Irani architecture, were rooms for soldiers to rest and guard. These rooms had no doors and were divided using curtains. A triangle-shaped keystone was used as a locking system, with a few original keys still preserved.
Weapons Store
A three-story building with over 150 rooms housed the Qutub Shahi dynasty’s armory and weapons.
Guest Rooms
The fort also had guest rooms with seating arrangements in every corner. The architecture allowed voices to echo, enabling the king to hear conversations without being present.
Musician Area
Musicians performed in a dedicated section of the fort, where the royal family enjoyed their shows. Today, this area hosts a sound and light show every evening from 7 PM to 8 PM.
5. Unique Features
Ramdas Jail
A prison within the fort, Ramdas Jail, housed the tax collector Ramdas, who misused tax money to build a temple. He was imprisoned for 12 years, during which he carved 16 idols of Lord Rama using a small stone.
Masjid and Tunnel
The mosque, built by Ibrahim Quli Qutub Shah, inspired the design of Charminar. It has two towers, unlike Charminar’s four, and was connected to Charminar by an 8-km-long secret tunnel.
Nagina Garden
Once a thriving diamond market called Nagina Market, this area was where traders and kings gathered to buy and sell diamonds. The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) has since converted it into a garden.
Bhagmati Palace
Named after the wife of Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah, Bhagmati, the palace reflects the story of their love. After her marriage, she converted to Islam and was renamed Hyder Mahal. The city of Hyderabad is named after her.
6. Defense and Selection
Five Boundary Walls
Golconda Fort is surrounded by five boundary walls, built over 62 years, starting from the top of a mountain. The construction began in 1518 under the reign of Muhammad Quli Qutub Shah.
Job Selection for Soldiers
Soldiers were selected based on physical strength rather than education. If a candidate could lift a 240-kg weight, they qualified for the role.
7. Entertainment and Echo Point
Nomads known as banjaaras used to visit the fort to perform for the royals. The luxurious Banjara Hills area of Hyderabad derives its name from them. The fort also has an echo point, where a clap would serve as a signal to summon royal guards, similar to a modern-day doorbell.
Tips for Exploring Golconda Fort
1.Arrive Early: Start your visit early in the morning to avoid crowds and explore the fort comfortably, especially during cooler hours.
2.Wear Comfortable Shoes: With its sprawling grounds, multiple levels, and steep paths, sturdy and comfortable footwear is essential.
3.Hire a Guide: A professional guide can bring the history of the fort to life with fascinating anecdotes and lesser-known facts.
4.Attend the Light and Sound Show: Held in the evening, the show highlights the fort’s history with dramatic storytelling and lighting effects.
5.Carry Essentials: Bring water, sunscreen, and a hat to stay hydrated and protected from the sun, as parts of the fort can get quite warm.
Read also: Hyderabad 2024: Top 18 Best Places with Complete Details
Conclusion
Golconda Fort is more than just a historical site; it’s a gateway to Hyderabad’s glorious past and the ingenuity of its ancient rulers. From the intricate acoustics of its clap echo system to the breathtaking views of the city from its highest point, every corner of this fort tells a story of innovation and legacy. As you walk through its gates, paths, and halls, you’ll not only discover the marvels of ancient architecture but also connect with the rich cultural heritage of India. A visit to Golconda Fort is a journey through time, making it a must-see destination for anyone visiting Hyderabad.